Beef Hormone Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Beef Hormone Crisis - Essay causeThe future implications of what could turn out to be a drastic exploitation of science be uncertain, just now should they prove to be negative, someone will have to be held responsible.Experimentation with hormones has been taking place for nearly fifty years. In the early 1980s the potential use for hormones as growth stimulants in oxen were realised A hormone-treated animal gains weight more rapidly, producing a more flavorful and tender product. By reaching market weight sooner, there is a reduction in the cost of beef production. Thus, consumers are provided with a higher quality of meat at lower prices (A Primer On Beef Hormones). look for intensified in attempts to better understand and ultimately put to use potentially revolutionary procedures in hormone administration.Six hormones became the focus of attention for scientists and agriculturalists alike, three of which occur naturally within humans and animals (estradiol, progesterone and t estosterone), and three synthetic hormones (trenbolone acetate, zeranol and melengestrol acetate). As early as 1981, Europes stance concerning hormones became clear as the European centering (EC) Council adopts Directive 81/602 to prohibit the use of hormones, except for therapeutic purposes, but later postpones action on five hormones pending EC study (Chronology of the EUs hormone ban). The United States adopted a more indulgent policy towards the use of hormones as growth stimulants, encouraging the use of both naturally occurring and synthetic hormones as growth stimulants.Problems immediately arose as both parties either side of the Atlantic began to realise the financial implications of their differing views. finding themselves on the raw end of the deal, in September 1986 the United States raises EC hormone ban in the Committee on skilful Barriers to Trade (Standards Code) of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and then early in 1987 invokes dispute settle ment under the Tokyo Round Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (Chronology of the EUs hormone ban). Hence a virtual trade war begins. The main results are a European Commission ban on all U.S. meat, and, in retaliation, one hundred percent tariffs on many millions of dollars worth of EC imports.Following the climax of trade disputes between Europe and the U.S., a relatively quiet period ensued leading up to 1993. The greatest significance of this year was perhaps the development and launching of a new synthetic hormone, Posilac, otherwise known as bovine somatotropin. According to its manufacturer, supplementing dairy farm oxen with bovine somatotropin safely enhances milk production and serves as an important tool to help dairy producers improve the efficiency of their operations (Posilac Bovine Somatotropin). Quite clearly the financial potential associated with such a product is considerable, and, just a few years after its introduction into the U.S. market, a new serial of appeals arose as the United States bombarded the World Trade Organization (WTO) with complaints that Europe was not complying with International trade law. Canada similarly joined in the protestations summarised in the Iowa Agricultural ReviewIn 1996 the United States

Opening of a Health Spa Luxury Hotel in Greece Essay

Opening of a Health Spa sumptuousness Hotel in Greece - Essay ExampleThe essay Opening of a Health Spa Luxury Hotel in Greece assesses the investment possibilities for the opening of a health spa lavishness hotel in Greece and explore all areas administration the requisites for the successful setup and operation of the hotel. The discussion takes place from the point of view of a consultant in the hospitality sector.Greece a country that lies in the Southeast part of Europe is officially known as the Hellenic Republic It is surrounded by Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey to the east and the former Yugoslav republic to the north. The city of Athens is the Capital of Greece. Having the Aegean and Ionian Seas to either side the seas feature a vast account of islands on the Eastern Mediterranean Basin. This scenic beach and comfortable geography of Greece makes it a natural position for phaetons. Therefore provides perennial business to the hospitality industry. Greece inherits the civilizat ions of ancient Greece, the Roman and the Byzantine empires and four centuries of Ottoman rule. This lively heritage has left its mark on the culture of Greece, which is considered to be the birthplace of democracy, philosophies, mathematic and scientific principles, including the western fun of tragedy and comedy. Greece is a fully developed country today, a member of the European Union since 1981, a member of the European Economic and Monetary Union since 2001. The travel and tourism contribution to the Gross house servant product of Greece is expect to rise to 69.6 billion by the year 2018.... Greece Cities and TopographyThessaloniki, Patra, Heraklio, Volos, Ionnania and Larissa are some of the major cities in Greece apart from Athens the Capital city. Athens, Crete the South of the Aegan Sea and the Ionian Islands are some of the primary touring car destinations. Beach resort visitations are widespread among the other coastal areas of Crete, Corfu, Rhodes and Chalikidiki as they are developed and more accessible and attract large number of annual tourists.The hospitality industry and the health spa and luxury hotels are heavily dependent on the tourism to that country and Greece has been voted as the second best tourist destination in Europe in The Telegraph early this January.Greece - Business Environment- TourismLooking at the tourism industry in Greece, The travel and tourism contribution to the Gross Domestic product of Greece is expected to rise from 37.3 billion in 2008 to 69.6 billion by the year 2018. The travel and Tourist economy contributes 963, 000 jobs, which 20.9% of the tot up employment in 2008 and is expected to rise to 1,349,000 by 2018.The Injection of 40 million into the industry by the tourism ministry of Greece is bearing fruit. Moreover, the progressive economy of Greece proves to be of high attraction for investment possibility. Below is a table that proves the uptrend in the economy which makes Greece a land of business oppor tunity.YearReal gross domestic product growing rate (%)Unemployment rate (%)20053.79.820064.39.320074.18.3200847.4Source The Greek state budget for 2008The growth in the GDP rates couples with the reduction in the Unemployment rates is the key to the successful functioning of any economy. Looking at tourism after the Olympic games

Chapter 13 & 14 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chapter 13 & 14 - Assignment ExampleThe company has been developing new mathematical product according to taste and preference and pabulum habits of different geographic segment. But the main aim is to standardize its products globally. This is why the company successfully take the concept of think global, act local. Quality of the product ensures its shorter supply chain to get fresh primitive food and vegetable products. The company currently has more than 24,500 outlets across the globe and high availability of its product through its worldwide presence enforces the demand and also fault recognition (MacDonald, 2009, p.15). Though the company faces closing from regional players in different regional market but it has segmented brand as subsidy food and usefulness brand. McDonalds adapts glocal i.e. an integrated mix of global and local for its global workforce. All restaurants of this brand represent of local workforce who better understand the demand of the local clients . Physical evidence of this brand is delineated by its single message in all the restaurants in the world. Structure and environment of the restaurants, processing of foods and the dash of service of the employees in the restores are similar in all McDonald restaurants. High focus on customer service along with the product tonus has made it a leading food service brand in the world.The Ritz-Carlton is one of the leading hotel brands in the world. It is recognized for its premium quality of service especially the employees act their best to help in anticipated needs or desire. Service quality is the only empyrean where the leading brands compete with each other. Ritz Carlton provides high quality of training program to its employees to provide best quality service to the customers. This brand always tries to provide unique service quality so that it can fill for future retention of the customers. Key differences are employees training programs, importance on customer satisfacti on and service values.Mayo Clinic

Performance Management in Corrections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Performance Management in Corrections - Essay Examplethither are several problems with this squad subdivision that need to be addressed appropriately by Gary when he has the meeting with this squad member. The first issue at hand is to discuss the team members strengths. Then, after having recapped what he appreciates about the team members work performance, he should then try to tackle the to a greater extent pressing issues that make this team members work performance so dismal as of late. The first major issue is that the team member has unexplained absenteeism. The second major issue is that the team member has been sleeping on the night shift. The third major issue is that the team member is non making mandatory security checks. All of these issues are going to be discussed here. alerted by Gary that one should non be absent so much for work. Not only is this unreliable on his part, but it shows that he doesnt care much for his job or think about the safety of his co-worke rs. It demonstrates a visible and obvious lack of professionalism, and as well as demonstrates that the team member is not taking his or her job seriously by continually having repeat absences occur. Gary must let the team member get by that such behaviour will not be toleratedand that if he or she does not change his or her ways, that person will no longer be employed on the teamstandards that everyone has to indeed follow. member is not getting stipendiary to sleep on the job the team member is being paid to be awake during some of the most important hours of the day in order to stop problems from happening. If the team member is asleep, however, he or she cannot prevent small issues from snowballing into even larger ones. Sleeping on the night shift could be especially detrimental to a corrections officer if there was a captive at-large, and that could cost the team member his or her life. A lot of these people in the jail mental quickness are hardened criminals, and it is ve ry possible that this could pose a problem in the future if the team member continued to sleep on the job while other important things were going on and happening.

Global Intervention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Intervention - Essay ExampleUS noises, found on the imposition of democracy on un giveing nations during the Cold War, led to such entanglements as Vietnam. The intervention in Afghanistan may be justified in the light of the WTC attacks. However, the contemporary intervention in Uganda merely uses Kony and his Lords Resistance Army as pretext to appropriate control of Ugandan oil reserves.If US global intervention is justified, it logically follows that all otherwise countries also have the upright to intervene in the United States to protect their own economic or political interests. Of course, the US be impervious to such retaliatory action because its status as a superpower, with unmatched military and economic might, puts it beyond the reach of most nations. This state of affairs is the cause of the growing resentment against the strong-arm manoeuvre employed by America.Markets, investment opportunities, and natural resources are crucial to all nations. These do no t pee-pee justifiable conditions for global interventions. The days of colonization and empire are irrevocably gone. It is time the United States realizes that assuming the role of a Global Policeman, wielding the big stick to impose its writ on reluctant nations, will not contribute to national interest. This is particularly relevant in these times of economic depression, when strong relationships with other nations, based on mutual respect of equal partners, will beast contribute to US

The Disintegration of Yugoslavia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Disintegration of Yugoslavia - Essay ExampleThis was based on absence of an efficacious social and legal framework that resulted into distrust within the family settings, anxiety among ever-smaller divisions, and divisions among heirs over landholdings. Despite gaining independence from pooves, Serbia has act to suffer agricultural crisis until today (Silber & Little, 1996). Despite the theological argument over use of Cyrillic conflicting to Latin alphabet or adherence to pope as authority of the bishop, Slovenes, Serbs, and Croats differences involved a enormous deal.Croats were considered traitors to hereditary Habsburg because they declined to surrender their local traditions and Catholicism. Similarly, Bosnian Muslims were considered servants to old Ottoman oppressors because of their cleavage to Islam. Therefore, disintegration of Yugoslavia was ascribed to the perceptions of Muslims and Catholics as demons in accordance with the dominant Serbian Orthodox theology (Coh en, 1995).In regards to Serbs, conflicts emerged among landlords or family members over property monomania due to conversion of landlords to Islamic religion. Market haggling and peddling characterized entrepreneurship in Yugoslavia. Development of Serbian middle class into class was belated despite its late arrival on the historical scene. However, the Croats and Slovenes were prepared for the arrival of capitalist economy in the Balkans (Schwartz, 1999). This was exemplified by the embedded attitudes that were held towards property. Serbianism was symbolized by burning of property registers as a means to jib against Muslim domination in Yugoslavia and deep ambivalence about the broader legal and social reality beyond the nuclear family settings. Disintegration was aggravated by existence of mistrust towards laws outside the family in addition to Ottoman land records due to their implication of foreign governance (Silber & Little, 1996).However, the differences which

Is there such a thing as a normal sexual orientation Essay

Is on that point such a thing as a normal energizeual orientation - Essay ExamplePersons attracted toward those of the opposite sex are termed as heterosexuals. Persons attracted toward both genders at the same time are titleed effeminates. Person not attracted to some(prenominal) kind of sexual activity with neither gender is going through abstinence or asexuality. This homosexuality, homosexuality, bisexuality, and abstinence, is what we c each(prenominal) sexual orientation of a person. It involves both the feelings plus the identity element of the person. An individual may recognize his identity as being a homosexual, heterosexual, or bisexual, at any point of his life and this identity would be different from the gender identity or gender roles that the society assigns to an individual. This paper intends to discuss if there is such a thing in the world as normal sexual orientation. Normal Sexual Orientations Researchers declare oneself that being a heterosexual is norma l as is being a non-heterosexual. Gays and lesbians have been identified in wholly ages and they live just the normal way as others. They belong to all cultures, all socio-economic statuses, and all religions. A homosexual can also feel erotically aroused by a division of the opposite sex at some times in life although he may name himself as a alert. A heterosexual, likewise, can feel attracted toward a person of the same sex although not too often and although he claims himself to be a heterosexual. Thus, a variation in normality is seen in the behavior of individuals, and this variation cannot make the behavior abnormal. Huegel states that Being aerial is normal. Being lesbian is normal. Being bisexual is normal. Being transgender is normal. Being heterosexual is normal. Homosexuality is a Normal Sexual Orientation Gay marriages and laughable rights are issues that have been an effort toward making people consider non-heterosexual orientations as normal. The earliest known g ay rights organization is the Society for Human Rights in Chicago that was established in 1924 and launched first gay rights movement. afterward that, the Mattachine Society was established in 1951 and there have been a number of other organizations and movements till then which support gay rights. The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) passed by Congress in 1996 protects the marriage rights of gays since there were many states which had banned gay marriages before 1996. Congress approved the law in 2010 and legalized gay marriages. When lecture about gay rights, we must discuss what actually the rights that have been legalized for gays are. These include ceremonial marriages, child adoption, internal partnership registration on public record, domestic partnership affidavit given by employers to gay employees that defines the couples economic relationship, health care, insurance, lawsuits, property, and the like. Hence, we see that courts and laws have been trying to make people me an that heterosexuality is normal. Abnormal Sexual Orientations However, there are some bizarre sexual orientations that are regarded as abnormal. Paraphilia Paraphilia is a sexual orientation in which a person is sexually attracted toward a non-human object, animal, or a person with whom sexual activity is not socially acceptable. The paraphilic sexual orientation is considered abnormal by all mental health organization like the American Psychiatric Association. According to the Traditional Values concretion The paraphilias listed in the DSM are abnormal sexual orientations toward non-human objects or individuals and include the

Business forecasting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business prognostication - Essay ExampleBudgets do not evidently indicate the upcoming periods expenses and revenues, as competition in the market place increase, companies conduct recognized the need to accurately predict their future operations outcomes and the related resource requirements. Budgeting involves use of forecasting techniques, it is an organization-wide process and is central in strategic planning. Effectiveness of the budgeting process depend on the accuracy of forecasts, reliability, simplicity, and approach effectiveness, this accuracy can be enhanced by use of various techniques, using more than 1 method of forecasting, and obtaining enough and more accurate data (Rasmussen 2003, p. 113). Where budget forecasts fall far from actual outcomes for the period, it is likely that poor decisions on future projections are made and management may end up absent trust in budgets made while the whole organization may suffer poor planning. short budgeting forecasts res ults from poor budgeting tools lack of staff training on forecasting techniques, too little time allocated in making correct projections. Correct budget forecasts makes financial planning and execution of operating activities like staffing, descent management, marketing plans, and performance easier. Budget forecasting is used in making different types of budgets including purchase of rude(a) materials, inventory levels, adjusting incentive plans and staffing levels. Budget forecasting is central in project planning and costing, financial outlays and staff.

Business Proposal In Clear Hear Scenario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

business enterprise Proposal In Clear Hear Scenario - Essay ExampleThe decision go awaying be ground on the contribution earned or foregone by adopting an option. In the first option, the union looses a contribution of $11 and in the second option, the accompany can earn an additional contribution permissiveness of $1 per unit. So, in order to maximize the revenue the company should accept OEMs offer to manufacture the remain 30000 units. This depart result in an additional revenue of $1500000.From the above figure, it can be seen that the companys contribution becomes negative, if beta model is switched to Alpha. So, it is advised that the company should adopt the second option. This go awaying help the company to maximize its revenue. By doing so, the company will also be able to make use of its excess capacity. For this, the company will non have to incur any further meliorate costs. As a result of this the live fixed costs will get distributed over the excess units . The utilization of the excess capacity will also lower the Average Cost (AC) of each unit. This is because the Total Cost will now be allocated over a large number of units resulting in a reduced AC.As the company does not have to incur any extra fixed cost for the excess 100000 units the profit will move up. For the additional units, the only cost that the company has to bear is the Variable Cost as the fixed costs remain fixed irrespective of the level of production.In order to reduce the cost of production, the company can lower the material cost by setting up production centers near the sources of supply. This will reduce the distribution cost and will thus lower the purchase cost of the material (Kobayshi, 2003).The company can also lower its overall costs by minimizing waste and ensuring efficient management of the getable resources. By purchasing the goods in bulk quantity the company can avail the trade discounts which will reduce the cost of

Hormones and Nerve Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Hormones and Nerve Questions - Essay Example merely it was proved that epinephrine alone could not cause this transformation to occur. It had to c each(prenominal) on the help of a secondary messenger, cyclic AMP, for assistance. Cell membranes consist of lipid chains which holds them hydrophobic or water pixilated in nature. Whereas hormones argon proteins made of hydrophilic or water loving peptide chains, and they cannot readily pass by path of the carrel membranes. This is where secondary messengers come in. they serve as a messenger between the hormones and the tar pull back cell. thirdhand messengers are mostly small molecules causing a higher straddle of diffusion through the cytol of the cell and a faster rate of information transmission. Secondary messengers also help intensify the metier of a particular signal. Hormones in very small amounts can cause the release of thousands of secondary messengers. This meat that the frame can save up a lot of energy. It does n ot need to utilize all its nutritive resources such as proteins in the formation of hormones, because only tiny quantities of these hormones are needed to get a response from the target cells. Therefore minimum amounts of energy are used by the body to communicate with various cells. Secondary messengers are present in the cytoplasm of cells, thereby controlling the rate of hormones and enzymes utilized by the cells. They could either cause an increase or decrease in the metabolic re sufficeions of the cells. This means that tiny doses of hormones could cause immediate responses as the effects are amplified by the secondary messengers. Secondary messengers are also responsible for signal transduction torrents. Words 310 NERVE QUESTION Write approximately 800 words on why it is important to come across the structure of fount cells in order to appreciate their function. Please make sure you cover the generation of an action potential and the transmission of a nerve impulse. It is im portant to understand the structure of nerve cells, because it is because of their specific structure that they can carry out their important functions. A nerve is a bundle of neurons and a neuron is an individual nerve cell. There are three types of neurons sensorial neurons Relay neurons Motor neurons These three neurons function together to transmit nerve impulses and each of them have a separate structure which facilitates the entire process. Sensory neuron endings are more concentrated in our sensation organs like the retina of the eye, cochlea of the ear, etc. sensory(prenominal) neuron endings receive stimulus from the sense organs and then(prenominal) they pass the nerve impulse immediately to the dendrite which then passes them to the Dendron, which is a single fiber, and then these impulses are brought to the cell body which consists of a nucleus and cytoplasm. Finally these impulses pass through the axon and arrive at the synaptic knob which has several branches. Thes e impulses are somewhat similar to electrical impulses. Sensory neurons are elongated cells consisting of sensory nerve endings at one end and synaptic knobs at the other. They are coated with a buttery layer know as the myelin sheath which acts as an electrical insulator so as not to get disturbed with other passing impulses. Gaps in the myelin sheath are known as the nodes of Ranvier, which help speed up the passage of nerve impulses. Relay neurons are smaller cells which act as a link

Baroque period Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Baroque gunpoint - Movie Review ExampleThe self-portrait verbalises Argan who is a character in the take on. It portrays his physical appearance and the characterful face of the character. He is an old wealthy man with two wives and three children. He is the head of the household and a noble-minded person who always wants to be involved with rich people. He is always joyful even though he is ill and is married to an ill-minded woman who plans to take his wealth after he dies. The portrait shows the play in progress. The portrait focuses on fashion by showing the great outfits worn by the characters. In this portrait, Angelique and his father show their differences. Argan decides to sweep up his eldest daughter to a young doctor in order he could have a doctor by his side. On the other hand, his daughter wants to marry another man who she falls in love with and so he refuses his fathers proposal. This results to a conflict between Argan and his daughter but eventually he is convi nced and accepts the situation. The painting appears to be an offstage of real space. It makes the viewers feel like their taking part in the scene. The play uses this paint to show how doubting doubting Thomas Diaafoirus, a graduated physician, looks on his father Doctor Diafoirus to negotiate his marriage to Angelique with Argan. Thomas wants to marry Angelique since she is a beautiful woman. He asks his father to accompany him in negotiating the marriage since he knows that his father is a good friend of Argan who is Angeliques father. Argan also is in the fever of Thomas marrying his daughter.

Nucleoside Analogue Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nucleoside line of latitude - Research Paper ExampleDespite the remarkable success of this method, the use of lifelong HBIg for hepatitis B prophylaxis has its limitations. Among others are the high cost, limited supply and parental administration. The patient needs to frequently visit the clinic too and requires science lab monitoring. Another problem with HBIg is its a blood product not readily advised by physicians. If a safer non-biological alternative existed, it would have been very easy for the patients. This particular study examined 61 patients that went under presenter orthotopic colorful displaceation (OLT). The study found that the HBIg cessation a 12 months minimum after the transplantation with successive administration of nucleoside and nucleotide analog agent gives an effective prophylaxis against recurring HBV infection. Despite the success of the result vexs still persist when applying the same procedure to patients with chronic stable renal dysfunction. O ne recurrence shimmy in the study seroconverted to HBsAg while being administered oral antivirals (to treat renal dysfunction). Hence renal dysfunction does represent a complication in applying this procedure. Renal toxicity is still a matter of concern regarding the long-term usage of oral antiviral drugs for preventing HBV. This study didnt show any change in renal functional of patients however, the focus of the study was not the renal dysfunctional, studies with larger durations and follow up should be conducted to analyze this aspect comprehensively. Moreover this study doesnt cover interaction between hepatitis delta, hepatitis C and pre-transplant hepatitis B viremia, for the risk of hepatitis B breakthrough on our protocol. Hence the oral antiviral procedure should better be performed on low risk patients. Liver transplant recipients are at a great risk of acquiring hepatitis B after liver transplantation. The transplantation performed is a preventive measure against the H epatitis B computer virus (HBV) related liver disease. This study by Saab et al. (2011) evaluates the effectiveness of the new hepatitis B prophylaxis, incorporating conversion from 12 months of HBIg on with lamivudine, to combination therapy. This was done using oral nucleotide and nucleoside analogue. During the research (between June 2008 and May 2010) 61 liver transplant recipients in total, were converted to a combination of a nucleotide and nucleoside analog. Standard deviation (or the mean) follow-up m after conversion was recorded at 15.0 (6.1) months. Recurring HBV befell in only two patients (3.3%) at 3.1 and 16.6 months when HBIg loony toons was halted. The time incidence rate for HBV lag after terminating the HBIg was calculated at around 2.7 cases per 100 person-years. HBV relapse was estimated at 1.7% at 1 year after terminating the HBIg. The HBIg termination 12 months minimum after the liver transplantation with succeeding combination therapy with a nucleotide and nucleoside analog, gives effective prophylaxis to fight against recurring HBV infection. The clinical associations of HBsAg findings, on the spur of the moment of the clinical, molecular or biochemical indicators of recurring hepatitis B, require further study. One limitation of the study was it did not include a control group. All eligible patients at the center were put to dual nucleoside and

Part 1- To what extent can laws adequately combat terrorism Part 2- Essay

Part 1- To what extent squirt laws adequately combat terrorism Part 2- With refernce to the case of A(FC) V The Secretary of state for the Home division 2004 - Essay Examples the following offences which are intentionally committed by an individual or a group against one or more countries, their institutions or people with the aim of intimidating them and staidly altering or destroying the political, economic or social structures of those countries w dizzy be punishable as terrorist offences. http//www.una-uk.org/ memorial/terrorism/terrorismhr.htmlTerrorism is perhaps the greatest danger mankind is facing today and it has become an rival of human rights. Refugees and asylum seekers somehow seem to be seething under a sense of ill use and some of the countries to which they belong are now considered to be the breeding grounds of terrorismi. Public protection, depicted object security and individual rights are clashing in Acts made for facing terrorism. This might even burden in detention or deportation of people who are rather remotely connected with terrorism, or their refugee status could be revoked on suspicion. except war against terrorism has attained an expansive nature and encompassed the inherent universe.David Blunkett, previous Home Secretary of UK, with good reasons, wanted the anti terror measures to be linked with combating extralegal immigration, traffickers and granting of asylum. Most of the Western Governments and some of the Eastern nations like India, Nepal, and Srilanka are preoccupied with tackling terrorist activities.Adequately combating terrorism is not perhaps a proper phrase to be used. Terrorism and terrorist activities send word never be eradicated fully, any(prenominal) could be the laws or however strict could be the security arrangements. A clever criminal can always find a loophole or two in the strong fabricii. In United Kingdom, on that point are many laws in place that should be able to effectively discourage terror ism. EU laws to a fault cover UK laws and these laws over impose each other, and they should be able to create sufficient barrier against terrorism. But as we can see from recent events like London bombings, even though

Protection from Self Incrimination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Protection from Self Incrimination - Essay ExampleIn this case, the defendant, Mr. Salinas was accused of having played a role in a murder that had taken place nigh(a) to the position of his car. Upon questioning, the defendant doed all the questions, went further, and even submitted his gun to show that he was innocent. However, the defendant went mute when asked about some shell casing found at the scene of the crime. Moreover, the casings matched his shotgun. The defendant at that point only ignored the questions and did non answer. Because of this attitude, the prosecutor went further and told the jury that the reason for Salinas silence was the fact that he felt up guilty for the actions he had taken and that the silence was a sign of admission to having carried out the crime.The prosecutor had a strong case when he stated that the defendant was guilty non only because he did not comment on the questions posed to him regarding the casings but also because of the obvious f act that his gun was involved. The judge did not argue against the strong case brought by the prosecutor and this was mostly because the evidence for the case was present (Hightower). However, the supposition delayed due to the lack of motive for the action. However, upon reviewing the available information, the judge found the defendant guilty and sentenced him to 22 years in prison.Upon critical review of the case and the evidence provided, I would have offered a notion similar to that made by the judge, in this case. The reason for the judgment is the fact that the defendant went mute and did not communicate anything regarding the questions asked. The constitution states that upon an individual pleading the Fifth Amendment they ought to receive fair treatment until substantial test copy is presented (Choo 89). However, this was not the case in this particular case. Rather than pleading this right, the individual went silent and did not answer anything. This was a sign of great

(the questions shows in the PDF document) Essay

(the questions shows in the PDF document) - see ExampleThe success that the House had in social reforms saw it give rise to the separist movement, which meant that it became socially pleasant for a woman to live her life and remain one or not get children, and alternatively develop her professional career. Jane Addams was one of the pioneers in the Hull house and would go on to become the stolon American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her social reform policies that would enable women to get basal rights including the right to vote in all the states (Legates 267). Q.2 The New Deal that was initiated by Franklin Roosevelt was to develop the economy through and through the great depression and it saw with it the inclusion of several programs for women. New posts were created so that women could get employment plane if single. The view at the time had been that women should be married once they decide to have children and all governance policy at the time was draft ed on this assumption. The New Deal however acknowledged the existence of single parent families specifically single mothers and widows and included them in their job creation acts even though just about of Roosevelts cabinet members did not approve of this. ... from affluent single parent families that had been beneficiaries of the policies legislated during the Roosevelt era allowing women to work in industries even if not married. There was a development of organizations that were not of any hierarchy such as the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, and the Students for a Democratic Society. The groups although were progressive did see a rise in ultranationalism as some of the senior women were still assigned to basic roles as fetching refreshments or winning notes until one of the male members raised a complaint over it. There was a rise in black feminism in these organizations as was seen when the female members of the group organized a sit in to protest their side-li ning. White women also criticized the SNCC for their marginalization and even drafted a paper that they presented to the then chairperson Stokeley Carmichael that express that the status of women in the organization is the same as that of the black individual hired by a corporation for the purpose of diversity. They are there merely to present an attractive image but do not do much in the organization (LeGates 361). Q.4 Women in the civil rights movements performed activities such as registering voters and recruitment the help of older women more so of the black community where they were viewed as the leaders of the community. The Women activists also came from spiritual backgrounds and unlike in the past where the community vilified them, they did receive some praise from their peers for their activism. Shulamith Firestone was one of the most far-famed activists of her generation with her push for the acknowledgement of the female ag lay offa which was getting sidelined as the Vietnamese war came to an end and most of the troops were headed back home as national heroes

Difference Between Romanticism and Transendinlalism in American and British Writers Essay Example for Free

Difference Between love affair and Transendinlalism in Ameri screw and British Writers EssayDifference Between love affair and Transendinlalism in American and British Writers The vista Romantic fetched currency during its own clock, roughly 1780-1850. However, the Romantic era is to identify a geological period in which certain ideas and attitudes arose, gained the idea of intellectual achievement and became dominant. This is why , they became the dominant mode of expression. Which tells us something else about(predicate) the Romantic era which expression was perhaps everything to do with them expression in art, medicament, poetry, drama, literature and philosophy. Romantic ideas arose twain as implicit and explicit criticisms of 18th century Enlightenment thought. For the most part, these ideas were generated by a awareness of being unable to deal with the dominant ideals of the Enlightenment and of the society that produced them. Which characterized Transendinlalis m very differently from that of Romanticism. The exit of Transendinlalism was that it was a literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, take a firm stand the existence of an ideal sacred reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is cognoscible through intuition.However, the Romantics thought differently because they that, that quixoticism was an artistic and intellectual movement originating in Europe in the late 18th century and characterized by a heightened interest in disposition, emphasis on the several(prenominal)s expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism, and rebellion against pissed social rules and conventions. The Romantics felt all the opinions of the Enlightment were fraught with dangerous errors and oversimplification. Romanticism may then be considered as a critique of the inadequacies of what it held to be Enlightened thought.The difference mingl ed with these two eras are the British and American writers that have chosen either the path of wild-eyedism or transendinlalism. The characteristics of Romanticism are different to those of Transendinlalism. Romanticism results in part from the libertarian and egalitarian ideals of the French Revolution, the romantic movements had in common only a revolt against the prescribed rules of classicism. The basic aims of romanticism were various a fork over to spirit and to the vox populi in the goodness of humanity the rediscovery of the artist as a supremely individual creator the development of nationalistic pride and the exaltation of the senses and emotion over reason and intellect.In addition, romanticism was a philosophical revolt against rationalism. Another difference between those of Romanticism and Transendinlalism are its themes that it represents. one(a) of the many themes of romanticism are inhalations and visions. The most notable example of the emphasis on dreams an d visions in romantic literature is Coleridges poems is Kubla Khanwritten in 1816, he claims to have written is during a dream trance deeply asleep .While transcribing the lines from his dream, he was interrupted by a visitor, and later claimed that if this prisonbreak had not occurred, the poem would have been much longer. The idea that a person could compose poetry while asleep was a common amongst romantics. Although critics at the time were not particularly enthusiastic about Kubla Khan. record had a overwhelming influence during the Romantic Era. In Kubla Khan describes the nature that he is surrounded by Walls and towers were raised nigh twice five miles of fertile ground, filled with beautiful gardens and forests.A deep romantic chasm slanted down a green hill, occasionally spewing forth a violent and powerful combust of water, so great that it flung boulders up with it like rebounding hail. The river ran five miles through the woods, finally sinking in katzenjammer t o a lifeless ocean. Amid that tumult, in the place as holy and enchanted / As eer beneath a waning moon was haunted / By woman wailing to her demon-lover, Kubla heard ancestral voices bringing prophesies of war. The pleasure-domes touch floated on the waves, where the mingled sounds of the fountain and the caves could be heard.It was a miracle of rare device, the speaker says, A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice Coleridges is animate by the beauty and charmingness that nature gives them during the romantic era. Before this period of time another era had began called The eon Of Enlightenment. In the 18th century The Enlightenment, made this movement advocated rationality as a means to establish an authoritative system of ethics, aesthetics, and knowledge. Which then gave the transendinlalism its place in this movement.Transendinlalism is a literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence of an ideal spi ri te reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition. It is no simile that this movement took off just as the American literary tradition was beginning to blossom. Transcendentalismthough inspired by German and British Romanticismwas a distinctly American movement in that it was tied into notions of American individualism.In addition to the theme of American democracy, transcendentalist literature also promotes the idea of nature as divine and the human mind as inherently wise. Transcendentalism also had a semipolitical dimension, and writers such as Thoreau put their transcendentalist beliefs into action through acts of civil disobedience to the government. The nineteenth century was a volatile one, beginning with the hope and promise of democracy and the development of an American identity and moving towards loudness devastation and portion by the middle of the century.Slavery and the Civil War, womens rights, growing industrialism and cla ss division all of these events were influential and each had a role to play in the transcendentalist movement. Transendinlalism had many themes to those of the Romantics at their time like self- wisdom. Quite simply, Transcendentalism is based on the belief that human beings have self-wisdom and may gain this knowledge or wisdom by tuning in to the ebb and flow of nature. Transcendentalism revolves around the self, specifically the betterment of the self.Where Emerson and his followers differed from earlier philosophical and religious beliefs was in the idea that human beings had inseparable knowledge and could connect with God directly rather than through an institution such as create religion. Transcendentalism celebrated the self, an important step in the construction of American identity, better understood as the notion of American individualismone of the cornerstones of American democracy. Nature played an important role in the Transcendentalist view.Nature was divine and a kick the bucket with spirit indeed, the human mind could read the truths of life in nature. To live in harmony with nature and to allow ones deepest intuitive being to communicate with nature was a etymon of goodness and inspiration. In fact, writers not only celebrated Americas great landscape, but also constructed the wilderness as a type of dramatic character that illustrated moral law. The desire for an escape from the evils of society and a withdraw to nature became a permanent convention of American literature.Transcendentalist thought emphasized individualism. Only by rejecting the moot dogmas in place and searching for inner truth could one experience the deep intuition of spiritual reality. In relation, Transcendentalism is also very democratic, asserting that the powers of the individual mind and soul are as available to all people. These powers are not dependent on wealth, gender, background, or education, but on the individuals willingness to work their own imaginat ive power to realize his or her place in the Oversoul.The obvious results from Transcendentalist efforts are unornamented in the intense moral enthusiasm that characterized Transcendental thinkers. Society, with its emphasis on material success, was often seen as a source of corruption. To combat this evil, many Transcendentalists were associated with such moralist groups as the anti-slavery group, the march for womens rights, and other embolden societies. Ultimately, some Transcendentalists hoped to reform society by creating an American utopia with a perfect social and political system.The Transcendentalists can be exasperatingly vague in their prescriptions for spiritual transformation, a vagueness which derives principally from their distrust of all forms of ritual and inherited religious forms. The transcendent individual is often a solitary figure, contemplating his soul (and by analogy, the soul of all humanity), and contemplating other souls through the reading of serious literature. But the central recurring theme that emerges is a return to nature, where the artifice and depravity of society cannot reach. gum olibanum Thoreau leaves Concord and heads for Walden Pond to explore the great truths of the innate(p) world.Thus Jones Very, in his poem The Silent, distinguishes between the sounds that strike the ear and those that strike the soul when one walks in the woods Tis all unheard that Silent Voice, Whose goings forth unknown to all, Bids bending reed and bird rejoice, And fills with music Natures hall. And in the speechless human heart It speaks, whereer mans feet have trod Beyond the lips deceitful art, To tell of Him, the Unseen God. Thus the similarities in the Romantic and Transendinlalism era are ver closely together. For the writers of these eras believed in different yet similar things.For example, nature was one of the similarities of both eras they had marked the world in believing that nature is something that will keep you long hor se and feel safe like all writers at the time believed in. For romantics believed in intellectual and artistic belief in their writing. Thus they also had many differences for reason over belief this is one of the subjects that the romantics and transcendentalist did not hold in. During the 18th century their truly was no difference in both the romantic and Transendinlalism era. The only difference was those of the peoples writings of this period who made this era last for years.

Using Tight-Binding Model Essay Example for Free

exploitation Tight-Binding Model EssayAbstract In this study, using tight attach model a easy analytical approach has been proposed to investigate the verve diffusion of graphene infra the conditions of divergent planner examine statistical dispersion. here(predicate) the switch over in the tap between the primitive building block vectors out-of-pocket to natural covering of external class has been taken into consideration to propose the approach. From our proposed model it is found that graphene under relaxed or symmetrical strain distribution is a zero bandgap semiconductor. However a band gap is potdid as the lopsided strain is employ to it. It is seen that upto a certain level of strain (i.e. 12.2 % parallel to nose candy-carbon hamper and 7.3% perpendicular to carbon-carbon cleave) the band gap of graphene increases and accordingly begin to fall . So, four various assumptions have been make for angular convert of primitive social unit vectors for four different regions of utilise strain (i.e. before and later the strain of 12.2 % parallel to carbon-carbon adhere before and after the strain of 7.3% perpendicular to carbon-carbon bond). The result obtained in the testify study are compared and found an excellent agreement, with more or less 96% accuracy with that of dogged from beginning principle technique.KeywordsGraphene, planner strain, tight binding model, energy dispersion, band-gap. I. INTRODUCTIONGraphene, a strictly categorical actual having unusual and interesting properties 1 is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of material science and condensed matter physics. It is a material of interest in semiconductor industry because of its exceptionally blue crystal and electronic quality, excellent transport properties (i.e. high electron mobility 2 and high thermal conductivity), and as it is planner, it is undefendable of extreme device scaling comparing with silicon technology. However these excellent proper ties are associated with a major drawback graphene is a zero bandgap semiconductor or semimetal 3-4. For large scale manufacturing, the absence of bandgap is the most difficult engine room issue to solve. The zero bandgap revels that it is impossible to switch graphene based device from the conductive to the nonconductive state. So it can not be used in the logic circuit.As the zero bandgap property of graphene limits its application in practical fields, scientists are working to find out the systems to open the bandgap in graphene. To solve this problem some(prenominal) methods have been proposed, such as graphene nanoribbin using quantum confinement effect in its transverse direction 5-8, bilayer graphene introducing unison breaking between two carbon layers via an external electric field 9,10 , by the process of doping 11-13 and by the process of external strain 14,15.To investigate the bandgap opening by the above methods, several techniques have been applied for calculatin g the band expression of graphene such as first principal calculation, tight binding modeling, k.p method etc. All of them are performed earlier using the software simulation or numerical techniques, which deal a huge computational complexity and time consuming and need high capacity A-one computer. In our study we have proposed a simple analytical approach to investigate the energy dispersion of graphene under different planner strain condition. Using the proposed method the bandgap opening is calculated under the application of asymmetrical strain parallel and perpendicular to the carbon-carbon bond in graphene. The results obtained from the proposed method is compared with the result published by the first principle method and found to be in good agreement with more or less 96 % accuracy.II. METHODGraphene is a honeycomb lattice of regular(a) hexangular structure. But it loses its regular hexagonal structural symmetry under uniaxial/shear strain. When planar stress is applie d to graphene, the position of carbon atoms shift relative to each other. As a result the vector position of lattice catamenia changes. To explain this, the bung between a1 and a2 is considered here as instead of assuming 60o which is true for ideal or relaxed graphene structure. The eect in the tight-binding Hamiltonian is that the parameters of tight-binding scales changes accordingly. The strained lattice structure of graphene is shown in trope.1. We have used the simple nearest Neighbor tight binding model. Here each Carbon atom is bonded with three of its nearest neighbor Carbon atoms.Fig.1 The direct lattice structure of graphene under strained condition The primitive unit vectors can be represented bywhereThe separation of the carbon atoms (A and B) can be represented by three vectors R1, R2, R3From Tight-binding energy dispersion model the formula of energy dispersion is given by 13(1)WhereHere is a fitting parameter which is often called the nearest neighbor overlap energy or hopping integral. The comfort of varies from 2.7eV to 3.3eV.(2) This is the generalized equation for the energy dispersion of graphene. Here is the angle between the primitive unit vectors. For the unforced or relaxed condition, the value of the angle = 60o. In this case the bands overlap at direct point or K point of the two dimensional brillouin zone.(a)(b)Fig.2(a) energy dispersion of relaxed graphene and (b) the equivalent brillouin zone.We have investigated the electronic structure of graphene under different planar strain distributions by the tight-binding (TB) approach. The graphene has been strained in three different ship canal 12. These are (i) symmetrical strain distribution (keeping the hexagonal symmetry unchanged) as shown in fig. 3.1(a) , (ii) asymmetrical strain distribution parallel toC-C bonds as shown in Fig. 3.1(b) , (iii) asymmetrical distribution perpendicular to C-C bonds as shown in Fig.3.1(c).Fig 3(a) Graphene system with symmetrical strain dis tribution, (b) asymmetrical strain distribution perpendicular to C-C bonds, and (c) asymmetrical strain distribution parallel to C-C bonds. Corresponding primitive cells in black, reciprocal lattices in parking area dashed and Brillouin zones in green grey are illustrated below the deformed lattices. , K, M, R and S are the high symmetrical points. Lx and Ly are the half of the diagonal lengths of the primitive cells in parallel and perpendicular direction of the carbon-carbon bond.As the strain is applied to the graphene, it causes the deformation of the regular hexagonal structure of it . It alike causes the deformation in the primitive unit cell. If the strain is symmetric whence the band property of the system does not change but for asymmetrical strain , the band property of the system changes due to symmetry breaking. When an asymmetrical strain parallel to C-C bond is applied, it causes a deformation in the primitive unit cell. This deformation is taken as a change in angl e between the primitive unit vectors. Here the strain is applied upto 12.2 % and it is seen that with the increase in strain the angle between the primitive unit vectors is reduced by following a 3 degree multinomial with respect to Lx and Ly(where Lx and Ly are in nanometer). The equation of is(3) This value of is then put in equation (2) to calculate the band gap under different strain distribution .It is seen that up to Ly =0.2396 nm band gap of graphene increases then the bandgap begin to fall . For this region the assumption of is different and it is,(4) In case asymmetrical applied strain perpendicular to C-C bond , up to 7.3 % strain the angle between the primitive unit vectors is increased byfollowing a 2 degree polynomial with respect Lx and Ly. The equation of is,(5)Now up to Lx = 0.1323 nm band gap of graphene increases and then the bandgap begins to fall. For this region the assumption of is,(6)III.RESULTAsymmetrical strain distribution results in the opening of the band gap between the maximum of the valance board band and the minimum of the conduction band in graphene. When an asymmetrical strain parallel to carbon-carbon bond is applied, Ly increases. hence for the system in order to come back to its lowest energy, Lx decreases during the structural relaxation. Due to change of Lx and Ly, the angle between the primitive unit vectors decreases and causes the symmetry breaking. This angular change is taken as the parameter of deformed primitive cell to calculate the electronic structure of graphene. For example, for Ly = 0.2196, 0.2236, 0.2396, and 0.2436 nm the corresponding optimized set of Lx are Lx= 0.1228, 0.1224, 0.1217 and 0.1216 nm. Then from our proposed model the corresponding angle between the primitive unit vectors are =59.47o, 58.91o, 54.79o and 57.75o. The corresponding electronic structure or band diagrams are shown in fig.4 with the extended thought process at K point(a)(b)(c)(d)Fig.4 Extended view of bandgap opening for (a) Ly= 0.2196 nm and Lx=0.1228 nm (b) Ly=0.2236 nm and Lx=0.1224 nm (c) Ly=0.2396 nm and Lx=0.1217 nm (d) Ly=0.2436 nm and Lx=0.1216 nm. Similar behavior is obtained in thegraphene system, when asymmetrical strain perpendicular to carbon-carbon bond is applied. In this case for example for Lx =0.1268, 0.1292, 0.1353 nm the corresponding optimized Ly are Ly=0.2126, 0.2120 and 0.2105 nm and the corresponding deformed angle are = 60.52o, 61.05oand 60.38o. The opening of bandgap corresponding to these deformed angle are shown in fig.5(a)(b)(c)FIG.4 EXTENDED VIEW OF BANDGAP OPENING FOR (A) LX=0.1268 NM AND LY= 0.2126 NM (B) LX= 0.1292 NM AND LY=0.2120 NM (C) LY=0.1353 NM AND LX= 0.2105 NM . These results revels that the zero bandgap or semi-metallic behavior of graphene sheet nominates modified or a bandgap is opened when asymmetrical strain is applied to it. Now the question is what is the reason behind this? We cope that planner graphene consists of strong bonds and delocalized pz electrons . Here orbitals are formed by overlapping the pz orbitals of the carbon atoms in the hexagonal lattice. These and bands touches each other at the K point causing zero bandgap.When the strain is applied the carbon-carbon bonds of graphene get elongated. Due to this elongation of carbon-carbon bonds, the electron clouds get localized on the corresponding carbon atoms. Therefore a restriction is imposed on movement of the electrons which causes the opening the bandgap at the K point. In this way, under strained condition, graphene loses its semimetal characteristics and turns into a direct bandgap semiconductor.IV.COMPARISON WITH ESTABLISHED METHODIn this study, we have calculated the band gap of graphene under the application of asymmetrical strain by an analytical approach. The calculated value is found to be in great agreement with the measured value obtained by first principle calculation 14. It is found that in case of asymmetrical strain distribution parallel and perpendicular to C-C bond, the percentage of error is more or less 4 % for most of the data which is shownIn this study an analytical model has been proposed for investigating the energy dispersion of strained graphene under the distribution of the planner strain in parallel and perpendicular to carbon-carbon bond. Using the proposed model the energy dispersion for different planner strain has been calculated. From our study it is seen that for relaxed or symmetrically strained graphene, the band gap of the system is zero. When asymmetrical strain parallel or perpendicular to carbon-carbon bond is applied then a finite bandgap is opened. And it is also seen that tuning the percentage strain, the band gap can also be tuned. Here it is also seen that comparing the perpendicular strain, parallel strain parallel to the carbon -carbon bond more induces more bandgap. Finally we have compared our results with the results obtained from the established method and found good agreement with roughly 96 % accu racy. References1A.K. Geim and K.S. Novoselov, The rise of graphene , Nat. Mater, vol.6, pp.183-191, 2007. 2Ryutaro Sako, Hideaki Tsuchiyaand Matsuto Ogawa, Influence of bandgap opening on ballistic electron transport in bilayer graphene and graphene nanoribbon FETs, IEEE Trans. electronic Devices., vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 33003306, Oct. 2011. 3K.S. Novoselov, A.K. Geim, S.V. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S.V. Dubonos, I.V. Grigorieva and A.A. Firsov, Science 306, 666 (2004). 4K.S. Novoselov, D. Jiang, F.Schedin, T.J. Bhoot, V.V. Khot-kevich, S.V. Morozov and A.K Geim, Proc.Natl.Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102,10451 (2005). 5M.Y. Han, B. Ozylmaz, Y. Zhang, and P. Kim, Energy band gap engineering of grapheme nanoribbons, Phys. Rev. Lett. ,vol. 98, no. 20, P. 206805, May 2007. 6G. Liang, N. Neophytou, D.E. Nikonov, and M.S. Lundstrom, executing projections for ballistic graphene nanoribbon eld-effect transistors, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 677682, Apr. 2007. 7Y. W. Son, M. L. Cohen, and S. G. Louie, Energy gaps in graphene nanoribbons, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 97, no. 21, p. 216803, Nov. 2006. 8X. Li, X. Wang, L. Zhang, S. Lee, and H.Dai, Chemically derived, ultrasmooth graphene nanoribbon semiconductors, Science, vol. 319, no. 5867, pp. 12291232, Feb. 2008. 9T. Ohta, A. Bostwick, T. Seyller, K. Horn, and E. Rotenberg, Controlling the electronic structure of bilayer graphene, Science, vol. 313, no. 5789, pp. 951954, Aug. 2006. 10Y. Zhang, T.-T. Tang, C. Girit, Z. Hao, M. C. Martin, A. Zettl, M. F. Crommie, Y. R. Shen, and F. Wang, Direct observation of a widely tunable bandgap in bilayer graphene, Nature, vol. 459, no. 7248, pp. 820823, Jun. 2009. 11Jun Ito, Jun Nakamura, and Akiko Natori, Semiconducting personality of the oxygen-adsorbed graphene sheet , Journal of applied phys. 103,113712 (2008). 12Paolo Marconcini, Gianluca Fiori, Alessandro Ferretti, Giuseppe Iannaccone, and Massimo Macucci, Numerical analysis of transport properties ofboron-doped graphene FETs. 13Zhipping Xu and Kun Xue, Engeneering graphene by oxidation a first principle study, Nanotechnology 21 (2010) 045704 14Gui Gui, Jin Li, and Jianxin Zhong Band structure engineering of graphene by strain First-principles calculations, PHYSICAL REVIEW B 78, 075435 2008. 15V.J. Surya, K. Iyakutti, H. Mizuseki, and Y. Kawazoe, Tuning electronic structure of Graphene A first-principle calculation, IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology, vol.11, No.3,pp.534-541, May 2012.

Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship Essay Example for Free

Wilhelm Meisters Apprenticeship EssayThe stocks or lieders do by Hugo savage and Franz Schubert, although of the same origin, argon all different when analyzed side by side. For a brief history, the song is from the verse form Do you know the land where the lemon trees bloom? and is written as a part of the novel Wilhelm Meisters Apprenticeship. This was the script for the actor of Mignon, a lady whom Wilhelm encounters on his travels. The both composers perfectly created a melody each distinct from each other, showing their vast differences in ground of style, knowledge, and even understanding of the numbers itself. In listening and discerning these pieces, one must understand the 2 composers had different theories and practices pertaining to composition. This would help in understanding the songs even better. A very noticeable fact, even for front time listeners would be the difference in the overall structure of the songs. Franz Schuberts song seems to be undisturbe d of devil main move, a verse followed by a chorus, then repeated again for a number of times. merely it cant be helped to notice that the chorus is of a different mood, and totally contrasting to the preceding verse.The verses have hints of sorrow, and mystery to it while the chorus is almost like a middling tune in terms of melody and euphony. Hugo wolf downs piece on the other deliberate was slow, mellow and dark all throughout. The whole song as well as seemed to flow continually, with different melodies happening both time. There was still a chorus type of part, which was repeated for about three times during the song. scarce unlike Schuberts contrasting themes, Wolfs chorus all intensified the dark and pocket-size theme of the song.In Wolfs composition, the use of a very thick texture is ascendent in the chorus. The piano plays the bass part heavily, while his use of the hamper pedal occasionally brings up a very striking minor melody. It is also more chromatic co mpargond to Schuberts, which is predominantly diatonic. On Schuberts side, there is a lesser heighten of texture during the parts of the song, and more on rhythm change. There are some instances however, like when the chorus ends, where a very appropriate change in volume occurs that signifies the end of that part.Although the sudden return of the verse gives away the sense of texture that could have occurred. In a whole, Schuberts song seemed to be played straightforward, but his change of mood gives the listener a type of rapture. The twain songs also differ greatly in the vocal parts sung by the singer. In Schuberts arrangement, the voice seems to be very attached to the pianos melody. Almost as if the piano was playing the exact melody the singer is singing. There is also less change in power, but more of, as said earlier rhythm change.The singer shifts from legato lines to staccato-like phrases beautifully but keeps her volume and projection at an almost constant level, exc ept for the ends of the choruses where she follows the rising tone of the accompaniment. The singer also had a wider range of notes to work with. In contrast with Wolfs piano lines, the melody only seems to support the singer, to provide a cushion on which the singers sing on. This is very evident during the chorus parts where the melody played a stream of doleful notes completely off with the singers rhythm.The singer stayed at a constant feel, increasing the projection and power as the accompaniment does. I can say that in Wolfs song, the singer would have worked harder in hitting those notes with the right amount of power. The range of notes are very much wider than that of Schuberts. These and many more differences on the two compositions show a much deeper mood in composing other than just scales and notes. By thoroughly understanding the poem and the two song arrangements, we can make a conclusion regarding the view of the composers in regard with the said poem.In summary, t he poem seems to be questions by the singer to a sealed someone. The singers hopes of finding a place, somewhere where the lemon trees flowering and the roof rests on the pillar of the house. Franz Schubert may have viewed this as a two mood poem the solemn, sad part where the singer asks the questions and a happy one where the singer got a kind of excitement in knowing that the place was found. This is very much portrayed in his composition. By using two totally different rhythm and modes, he is able to allow the listener to perceive a change in the singers mood.It is as if the singer found hope in her questions. The continuously sad atmosphere of Wolfs piece on the other hand may suggest that Wolf sees Mignon as a woman of a dark and mysterious background. Something where happiness may be drawn out of her, and the questions asked were in hope of desperation. Finally, the songs differ in terms of their effect to the listener. Schuberts song unbroken on resolving every time the chorus was sung. It is evident that there are only two major parts, and a very well made fake ending covered the real one.It is as if the song had been repeating after the first set was done. This leaves a distinction of hominess, where the listeners tend to feel relieved, safe, at home. The diatonic nature of the song and the frequent tonic tone heard helps in providing this certain feeling. But for Wolf, the chromatism and dissonance created a lot of tension during the songs. Wolf is known for avoiding resolving at the home bring up when not needed. This song shows much of this character, as there is a sense of floating when one hears it.Wolf also tries to avoid the common strophic type of songs. He likes building his melody as he goes along, do verses differ from each other. These two songs are great manifestations of their composers ideas. Each has different structures and quality, none of which is inferior to the other. By analyzing these, we can conclude that composers not only compose the melody, but they also create a certain atmosphere on which the listeners can submerge to, by using different styles. And Franz Schubert and Hugo Wolfs songs are great examples of these.

Visions for International Education Essay Example for Free

Visions for multi study Education EssayKlafki introduces terms like increasing interrelations, mutual dependencies, fate of completely continents, cultures, states and societies when addressing the core problems our mod world faces at the turn of the century. A world, which has shrunk since the tunes of Walt Disneys Its a small world later all..1, and in the aftermath of wars, trade and spheres of progress appears to be closely knit.The points he makes be precise clear through the discussion on 6 complexes of development, though you could look at them solitarily, they are really oftentimes intermeshed, as he points out. The entwinement of both individual capabilities and society focus, is very evident in all 6 points, be it information availability or existential necessity. I couldnt agree more unfortunately conflicts exist in our own society, while promoting and claiming a route of tolerance and inclusion on one hand, we wish to be selective and limit the amount of f ugitives we clear accommodate annually, on the other.First, Klafki approaches instruction and educational science from a universal standing, where conditioning and development have to have common undercoat globally. There are many perspectives to developing knowledge and awareness and students of the future need to have an world-wide stance to problems at a very early age. Although he tends to draw a very Utopian picture, he keeps focus through his discussion with five key veers towards implementation and involvement.First key issue is the problem of peace and its educational value, as he addresses it, which consists of two main elements 1. Macro-sociological and macro-political causes of threats to peace or of wars. 2. object lesson justification for wars if on that point are any.The second key issue, he reflects upon, is that of environment, again globally and in conjunction to accountability and controllability of scientific-technological development he addresses the pos sible need to swear out the lesser developed countries in global interest by removing blatant divergence through insight to First world knowledge. An keen point and one very much current through efforts like movements such as camp for Climate Action2. Klafki makes points on 3 main tasks for dealing with this global initiative towards educating the youth of tomorrow or so the environment1. Awareness of ecological obligations and the moments of unchecked tech-eco development.2. Appreciation of developing energy-saving and environmentally sound consumer behavior.3. Realization of maintaining, supervise and further development of initiatives at an international and local level glocal commitments.Third key issue addresses the inequality which certainly exists within societies and internationally amid social classes, gender, employed/unemployed. He points out that at a national level and where the task of inter-cultural education really poses itself, is between a countrys foreign nationalities and even between them and the native population.The fourth key issues, as he puts it, are threats and opportunities amidst a vast and evolving field of saucily technical control, information and communications media. These tools should be embraced critically and included in any form that can boost education, while weighing the pros and cons of their effect on the user, through both possible social consequence and media misuse. Nay to both euphoria and phobia, but involve them in furthering didactic concepts in the classroom.His fifth and terminal key issue is on inter-personal engagement, involvement, recognition and responsibility I-You relationships are central and enlightenment is very much the field for this issue.Now just because we are able to agree across the board on these issues existence the basis, problems are not solved, because enlightenment is simply our first global quest. We need to maintain concentration on the key issues to succeed at the internati onal level of education and promote discussion and debate via national curricula. In fact, if we are merely able to promote the significance of these key issues, then solutions can be nationally various and toned, as long as they are based in general for those who are potentially concerned.Soundly enough we also need to address four fundamental attitudes and abilities, which can assist in our quest towards global teachings and classroom practices1. Ability to criticize as well as take up by furthering a point, suggestion or solution.2. Ability to argue to contribute to a better-founded insight on all angles of cognition.3. Empathy in understanding a counterpart even if a solution is far from the scope.4. Networked model interrelationships that connect everything with everything.Even after all of these discussions, it boils down to time and teaching planning and teams. There is a clear necessity to organise and discuss reform 1. How should class activity be blocked for lessons?2. Should lessons be in 45 minute intervals or 2 hours?3. The responsibility of the teaching team and its structure How much or how little?These are simple questions and a minute contribution which need to be addressed, if there is to be any fruitful outcome through this process. The interrelated educational principles of exemplary teaching and learning, mode oriented learning, action-oriented teaching and co-operative learning, all need a more fluid approach. Mutual trust is a necessity and with a realistic approach to implementation and evaluation we are well on our fashion whether it seems utopian or not.

Photosynthesis (Chemical change) Essay Example for Free

Photosynthesis (Chemical change) EssayDescriptionPhotosynthesis is the process by which comprises, some bacteria, and some protistans use the zip from sunlight to introduce sugar, which cellular respiration converts into ATP, the fuel used by all living things. Plants atomic number 18 able to make their own forage. Plants produce chlorophyll, a pigment usually found on leaves. It gives the plant its green color while being a key comp angiotensin-converting enzyment in making food for itself.How can the change affect the health, environment or industry? Plants use the energy from sunlight to produce sugar. The energy and group O created by plants from photosynthesis keeps life sustainable on Earth. It is one of the many ways our institution uses the sun as a source for energy. Scientists for years have been studying the blueprint of photosynthesis in hopes of duplicating its process. They atomic number 18 continually making strides toward unlocking the keys to reproducing this cycle.How can I maximize the benefits / minimize the harmful resolution of the change? Photosynthesis is one of the most important biological processes on Earth. Life is sustainable on Earth because of this process. Agencies may mold laws to protect the environment, and recycling reuses materials made from natural resources.http//www.ehow.com/about_5171907_effects-photosynthesis.htmlixzz2HNgzrqG3Burning Plastic Bags (Physical Change)DescriptionBurning malleable bags has been advocated by some environmental campaigners as a greener election to burying them in landfill sites, as it is thought that they argon not biodegradable because they have existed for less than a generation, there is not yet a important answer to the question of biodegradability.How can the change affect the health, environment or industry? It can addition the risk of heart disease and cause rashes, nausea, or headaches. It can damage the nervous system, kidney or liver, in the reproductive and developm ent system. It can excessively affect the central nervous system, causing headaches, fatigue, weakness, and depression. Burning plastic bags releases toxins into the atmosphere, creating pollution. Not only these people who argon burning the trash are exposed to these pollutants, but likewise their neighbors, children and families.How can I maximize the benefits / minimize the harmful effect of the change?Separate plastic fantastic from other waste. Do not burn any plastics in your yard or house. Reduce wastes by buying products that can be reused or refilled. We can also recycle papers, glass and metals.http//www.wecf.eu/cms/download/2004-2005/homeburning_plastics.pdf deforestation (Physical Change)DescriptionDeforestation refers to the cracking, clearing, and removal of rainforest or related ecosystems into less bio-diverse ecosystems such as pasture, cropland, or plantations.How can the change affect the health, environment or industry? Trees are necessary for rain. Tree cutt ing can lead to flood and deforestation, a transformation of an area from forest to terrain with little vegetation. Plants create oxygen and absorb greenhouse gases. The destruction of trees may, therefore, encourage global warming. Cutting trees can result in the issue of habitat for animal species, which can harm ecosystems.How can I maximize the benefits / minimize the harmful effect of the change?We should tell the citizens about the actual side effects of cutting down trees. To find the alternative means other than the use of tree for usualactivities like cooking, building and for furniture Instead we are to use plastic and iron material for furniture and building purposes and also the use of gases for cooking. We can also create strict laws against cutting of trees and improper use of tree products.http//kids.mongabay.com/lesson_plans/lisa_algee/deforestation.html

CNS Breathe Right Essay Example for Free

CNS Breathe Right quizCompany ProfileCNS was originally formed by Dr. Daniel Cohen and Dr. Frederick Strobl as a medical equipment confederacy in 1982. Strobl and Cohen were neurology residents at the University of Minnesota hospitals. Strobl was also an electrical engineer. The original intent of the company was to instigate brain activity monitoring by inventing and marketing a personal computer equipped with a circuit board that could analyze brain waves in real time during operations. After five long time of increased technological advances but a steady decline in sales, the company hired Fred tolerate as president. In 1990, the company finally recorded profits in 1990 for the first time by marketing their brain monitoring equipment to intermission clinics.In 1991, Cohen met with Bruce Johnson, who wanted to scientifically advance some psyches he had for a nasal dilating system. After many contracts to dilate his own nasal passages internally, he came up with the idea to dilate them externally. Johnson then spent the next three years working on a jounce loaded strip that would lift his nostrils and keep them dilated. CNS then acquired the rights to market and sell this product in 1992, and Cohen reassumed the position of president.In 1993, CNS hired Richard E. Jahnke as their new president. Because of a lengthy FDA approval process, it took a while before the Breathe Right strips could be sold to distributors. Because of this and because of continued losses in the repose disorder market, CNS reported more losses in 1993. In 1994, however, things started to change. CNS was allowed shelf aloofness in Eckerds, Walgreens, and Snyders. This, along with two endorsements from Herschel Walker and Jerry Rice, two prominent NFL athletes who swore by the use of the strip at the time, the sales of Breathe Right doubled in the fourth quarter of 1994. The company enjoyed continued supremacy throughmarketing the strips as a use for athletic enhancement, a cure for snoring, a sleep aid, and a drug free way of degongestion.Financial and Non-Financial GoalsThe original non-financial goal of CNS was to produce efficient and useful technology to monitor brain activity that neurologists could use to effectively receive and translate info from electrical signals in the patients brain in real time during an operation. After this attempt at innovation failed to be profitable, the company acquired the marketing rights to the nasal strips invented by Bruce Johnson, and the companys special goal was the marketing and sales of the Breathe Right nasal strip.Sourceshttp//www.answers.com/topic/cns-inchttp//www.answers.com/topic/cns-incixzz2HFZZmk2chttp//www.calmu.edu/blog/international-marketing-the-success-of-cns-breathe-right-nasal-strips/ http//www.youtube.com/ get wind?v=iexvzcmzYB0http//www.breatheright.com/http//www.studymode.com/essays/Analysis-Cns-Breathe-Right-Strips-62927.html

Media corruption - other side of the coin Essay Example for Free

Media corruption other side of the affect EssayWhoever controls the media, controls the mindIn todays world, the media has become a necessity just standardized food, clothing, and shelter. The media was ideally designed to be impartial and unbiased to provide information, news, and knowledge that is objective and socially constructive. Unfortunately, in recent times, because of its money making approach the media has adopted a biased approach that is benefitting politicians and the corporate leaders. Sadly, the media is cognize to be resorting to Paid news program news that is published or broadcasted to benefit a certain tier of people who have huge economic power and who wield that economic power to buy The News in their favor. The viewers/readers of such Paid News are at such a loss with this information that lacks integrity and they can be easily misled.Actually the readers/viewers are deceived in to believing Paid News which is indeed misrepresentation of the truth. . Article 19 of the Constitution of India Reach to the reality states the right to freedom of speech and expression to media .When this freedom is misused by the media, it becomes a prime debate for media corruption, and more or less the willingness of Indian Govt. to eradicate this problem. The objective of this paper is to highlight the roots and remedies of media-corruption in India and to create awareness about the general public about the distortion of news/information by the media to enable viewers to discern, and not be uninformed consumers of the news.Key words necessary, money making approach, freedom.

Position Paper Outline & References Page due Essay Example for Free

Position Paper Outline References Page cod EssayAfter you have choose your assigned reading for this week, choose a topic that has at least two clear points of view that can each be defended in an academic and confirmable manner. It is best to check with your professor to make sure your topic is appropriate. Once you have decided on your topic and the point of view you want to build upon, write an outline for your position quiz.While the lowest muster in of this paper is not due until the end of Week 8, you go forth submit an outline and references foliate to your professor this week. Please flavour that you will also be required to submit a draft to your professor in Week 6 and to our peer review in Week 7.Refer to this weeks oral communication for detailed requirements and guidelines on how to write an outline for a position essay.Successful Outline RequirementsFollow the savor format in this weeks lecture to perform an outline appropriate in range of mountains f or a 5-page persuasive paper (in addition to the title page and reference page) with no less than 3 academic sources included. NOTE please avoid topics that are focused on religious, moral, or overly unrestrained debates. You must clearly state your topic (which should be debatable in nature), draft an introduction split, with a complete and persuasive thesis statement, and outline three main points that you will discuss in your paper, followed by two sub-points for each main point. Remember to include both viewpoints/sides of the topic. A possible conclusion paragraph should also be drafted.Outlines should not exceed one page, unless discussed and approved with your professor. Provide APA references for three academic sources that you propose to use to support your position. Be typed and submitted as a Microsoft Word 2010 document (.docx), double-spaced, 12-point Times New papistic font After reading TV Watching The Top Environmental Hazard for Children by Todd Huffman, note yo ur initial reactions to the essay. In one paragraph, recordyour strongest reaction to the essay and explain why you think you whitethorn have reacted that way. From what perspective are you reacting, that of a parent or that of a child? What factors outside of the essay might have influenced your reaction?Your assignment this week is to write a draft of your rhetorical analysis. First, read this weeks lecture. Then go to the search engine of your choice and search for this phrase vintage ads. Include the mention marks to search for exactly that phrase. Tell us more or less the ad you chose name the product and the family the ad was published. Remember that the goal of advertising is to make you spend your money on products and services. Does the ad set off you to sully the product or service? How does the ad use ethos, pathos, or logos to make you appetite the product?Ethos relies on the credibility or the authority of the ad itself (Im not a doctor, but I play one on TV.) Pa thos is an appeal to your emotions (Coke adds life.) Logos is an appeal to your intellect (Ads that show spacious gas mileage numbers for a car appeal to your intelligencethey imply that you have the brains to buy the most efficient vehicle.). What elements create ethos, pathos, or logos in the ad that you chose? Discuss 2-3 elements that work to create the rhetorical appeal (ethos, logos, pathos) that you detect. Some elements you might analyze are The use of colors The appearance of deal in the ad or their expressions The way the product is photographed or displayed Words used in the adHere is some advice. In your discussion1) Avoid summarizing the adlets not look at the ad and describe it. Keep in mind that this is not a description paper. 2) Avoid talking about your experience with the product or service depicted in the ad. Keep in mind that this is not a testimonial paper. Make sure that you are writing about how the ad makes you want to spend your money on a product or serv ice. Ethos, pathos, logos By working on this now, you will write material that you can use in your draft to turn in this week.

Technology Within local business Essay Example for Free

Technology Within local pipeline Essay1. To investigate the degree to which businesses in your local atomic payoff 18a rely on the use of teaching technology. 2. To identify how these businesses make use of knowledge technology. 3. To select how these businesses in you locality and investigate how much it has invested in discipline technology and how this investment funds has compound its day-to-day operations INTRODUCTION Information Technology is the use of computers when storing, arranging and distribution of discipline or data. The impact of information technology has been felt all over the world and in all areas of life. oer the past twenty plus years it has changed the world we live in and redesigned the way we contrive and play. IT has rebelliously made a dramatic impact in the business world. Businesses use IT for a number of diverse uses in the workplace. 61% of businesses researched by a website, used a computer, 61% use a telecommunicate machine, 50% use e- mail while only a small percentage use online service and the internet. Businesses use IT to store and revivify up the handling of information. IT similarly opens up hot communication techniques for businesses the likes of the Internet, e-mail and fax.IT offers a chance to advertise to a massive audience and access to large amounts of information. Manufacturing businesses hit from computer packages like Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM). Businesses need to keep up with the growing demands of customers. IT has helped businesses operate in a faster, more efficient and an overall more organized way. IT allows in time smaller businesses compete in the larger market. It opens up a unanimous world of customers for businesses and a whole new way of designing and making the products.The banking and finance industry has seen radical knew changes since the introduction of information technology. hopes support now store information on computer databases instead of using the old primitive file systems that were vast and slow. Now with computers, data can be called up on screen in seconds. It similarly allows for more information to be collected and stored. The flexibility of this filing system is also greatly intensify as information can be changed or added with ease. The information can also be dual-lane with other bank branches very easily through the use of the Internet, e-mail and fax etc.The speed of which bank transactions take place has been increase with the use of Hole In The Wall machines. This new speed has resulted in a cut down in the number of bank branches. Initial investment of IT equipment is enough to put some business owners off the idea all together but at one time its up and operational the maintenance and running cost are quite low. From a basic in-person computer ranging from i 500 and fax machines, computer networks and intranets costing thousands it is understandable why small businesses are hesitant t o invest in such hardware.The running costs are low, with only the electrical bills to pay. whatever Internet charges whitethorn apply, these would be set around i 10 i 50 per calendar month and a domain address would be very low, around i 20 per month. Repair costs can be high as IT specialists can charge as high as i 40 per hour for a callout, and an extra fee for parts and extra labour needed. IT doesnt come sordid but it may benefit a business financially in the long run because of great efficiency and communication.The purpose of this piece of coursework is to examine ways in which information technology has impacted on the Business world. With this in mind I have three specific aims, which I must fulfill. 1. I must investigate the degree to which businesses in my local area rely on the use of information technology. To ended this I must select a number of businesses, send them a questionnaire and record the influenceings. I wish to find out details like how many PCs the b usiness has, how many staff uses information technology everyday and how they are trained. 2.I must identify how these businesses make use of information technology. To complete this I must draw up a suitable questionnaire and analyze the findings. I wish to find the different types of information technology that the business has and what advantages they have gained from using it. 3. I must select a business in my locality and investigate how much it has invested in information technology and how this investment has deepen its day-to-day operations. To complete this I will make an appointment with contact person in Bank Of Ireland, and conduct an interview writing up my findings.I wish to find out things like what types of information technology the Bank of Ireland has, how much it has invested, how much staff uses IT, how the staff are trained and what advantages and disadvantages the Bank of Ireland has show while using the information technology. I am looking forward to complet ing this coursework for a number of reasons. I am interested in IT and it will be interesting finding out how IT also benefits those in the business world as those in the social. It will introduce me into the world of e-commerce and IT in business more and it will be enjoyable to do.I will take time to plan my work carefully however even at this early stage I realize that I may come across some problems. Some companies may not reply to my questionnaires correctly or at all. To overcome this I will send out a lot of questionnaires to lots of businesses to increase chances of getting a reply. It may be difficult to find information regarding IT and business. I will overcome this by using the Internet, library and textbooks to get vast amounts of information. I have to avoid leading questions in my questionnaire I will have to include some open-ended questions to get a more accurate response.

Phineas Gage Essay Example for Free

Phineas bet EssayPerhaps one of the most well known lessons in cognitive psychology is that of Phineas eatage. A man who suffered from an soil to his prefrontal lobes thirty age before the bailiwick of Psychology even began (Moulin, 2006). However, psychologists continue to study his hotshot and the effects of his injury and its role in cognitive functions years later. Phineas poop was a foreman at a railroad who suffered damage to his prefrontal lobes as a result of an shotal explosion in the year 1848. This explosion caused an iron quantity somewhat a meter long to be launched completely through scum bags head and supposedly land about nine meters away.As a result of this accident Gage suffered severe brain damage to his prefrontal lobes, with the left over(p) side being almost completely destroyed (Moulin, 2006). There is not documentation of what Gages personality was like before the accident and few reports of the changes after the incident, numerous believed to be exaggerated. Two of the reports that do exist regarding Gage atomic number 18 written by John Martyn Harlow. Harlow was the medical student who treated Gage and followed his case (III. The Damage to Gages Skull and Brain, 2002).Following his recovery of the accident there were no reports of unembellished loss of interllectial function, yet his personality changed drastically. In fact Gage behaved so different that he while he went back to work for the railroad he never was presumptuousness his job back as foreman (II. The Sequelae of the accident, 1848-1868, 2002). In fact, when asked his friends and acquaintances said he was no longer Gage (Moulin, 2006). Gage lived about eleven years after his accident before dying in 1860 which left people in the medical field curious about him and his condition (Moulin, 2006).In fact the changes in his behavior that were described was the first epoch that it was revealed that complex functions might be located in the brain. During the time and the immediate time after Gage lived there is not much medical documentation. Therefore it was years later when the exact parts of Gages brain that were damaged due to the iron bar were determined (II. The sequelae of the accident, 1848-1868, 2002). When Harlow learned of the passing of Gage, he sought out and received permission from his family to have the trunk exhumated in December of 1867 (II. The sequelae of the accident, 1848-1868, 2002).He did so in order to study the brain and learn from the injury of the skull and the result that the damages had on Gages personality. From the study he was able to determine that Gage suffered damage to three postures the area under the zygomatic arch, the base of the skull where the iron rod had entered behind the eye, and at the top of the head where the iron rod emerged (III. The damage to Gages Skull and Brain, 2002). After studies of Gages skull where complete, psychologists have been able to take the measurements from the skul l and use modern technology to determine the approximate location of the legion.Damage was caused to both the left and right prefrontal cortices in a pattern that caused a speck in rational decision making and the processing of emotion (Damasio, 1994). Studies that have been done since the case of Gage have determined that higher cognitive functions take place in the prefrontal lobes. Some of these functions implicate working memory, mental imagery, and willed actions that are associated with consciousness (Frith Dolan, 1998). Psychologists have been able to learn from this famous case of Phineas Gage.A man who took no part in experiments and whose injuries were sustained thirty years before the start of Psychology. From this case it has been determined that cognitive functions that can become impaired by prefrontal brain damage are abilities like planning, reasoning, and problem solving. It has also been shown that frontal lobe damage can affect a persons memory in a subtle mann er. While there can be no apparent loss of intellectual function as a result of prefrontal brain lesions it is can suave be tragic to the lives of those involved (Gerhand, 1999).

Technical Support And Information Sources Computer Science Essay

Technical Support And information Sources Computer Science EssayTechnical condescend is a team which is responsible to support for individuals and organisations in a variety of ways. They in addition describe and explain to the customers all cultivation ab egress techno entery of their products or their services that they provide. Technical support team has people who have a good knowledge slightly electronic musical arrangements, reckoner clays which included softw are and computer hardware. They are able to troubleshoot related problems.In general, technological foul support provides technical support to organisation, customers and end- drug users.Source of cultivation loafer be used for a variety of hardware and bundle related blemishs?The information stool be gathered from a number of sources such as mold questioning, consulting a fault log or use diagnostic and monitoring tools.Finding out informationDirect questioningIf the organisation, customers or end-u sers has any problems with the product or service, they exit make to obtain some helps from technical support. They will contact by phone or face to face and the technical support specialists need to find out as much as possible what the problem is. thus they seat make decision how they can split the problem. But forwards accepting the calls from customers or users, they whitethorn need to hindrance that the customer or user is entitled to their support services. They whitethorn require the customer or user to give correct username and password, account number or some personal details. They also can submit the customer some question for clarification, or further questions to ensure that they have a good under radicaling of the problem. In general, direct questioning is an important technique which is used in information gathering because it is flexible.Fault logsFault log is a record of events that occurred and it whitethorn include the information about how the fault was pass watered. Most business organisations have the computer rooms that can be used by many different users, so they need to have a written fault log that is on a regular basis checked by technical staffs. The technical staffs will identify and remedy any faults that have been report by users. A log should be maintained for each computer organization. When the computer system is disturbed d profess, the technical staff will need the information from the fault logs such as when the equipment was obtained, when the software was installed or what setting have been used. Fault log will record what happen with computer system and how it was fixed. A fault log may be kept manually or it may be piddle automatically by software.Diagnostics and Monitoring toolsA nonher way that helps the technical staffs to define a event problem is utilize diagnostic and monitoring tools. The technician can ask the system directly by using diagnostic and monitoring tools such as the send out (Power on Self-Test). When the computer system is turned on, the POST will check the hardware to make sure everything is working correctly before the OS is taut and run. There are three types that the problems can be occurred. They are followingIf there are problems before the screen is functioning, a sequence of beeps is used to indicate the nature of the faults.If the problem is occurred after the screen is functioning, an erroneousness code will be showed on the screen. This error code will show which device is not working properly.If the problem is occurred while computer is running, the user or technical staffs can use subject Viewer. The Event Viewer is monitoring tool that is included with OS window. It can be used to draw away and view these events. It also can be used to track security events and identify possible software, hardware and system problems. The event viewer interface will halt a series of event logs that can be viewed by either a user or a technician. This particular log contains a series of entries that consist of information, warnings and errors.Checking the problemsSome informations sources are to a greater extent reliable than others. So when processing the information, the user or technical staff needs to make sure that the information is valid.Cross-reference checks with userWhen the technical staffs are talking with the users or customers about the problems, they can call up data on their computer system which is including the current information and configurations of the users computer. The technical staff also can check that other users are experiencing the aforesaid(prenominal) problems on a particular system.Confirmation from a number of users that a particular fault exists or that the fault is of a particular nature will give the technician confidence in how to approach a formal diagnosis and remedy. But the information may be out of date because the users or customers may have upgraded the equipment or installed a much modern OS. So the technical staffs should confirm the information with the user during the initial conversation. When the users and customers may not be able to answer the questions, the technical staff should help and direct them to how they can find out the answers.Problem reproductionAfter asking the customers or users some unprejudiced direct questions to indentify who they are and what the problems are, the technical staff need to find out exactly what the problem is and how to fix it. The users or the customers may jump to conclusions and suggest things that are improper with the computer rather than just natural endowment the technical staff facts. So the best way for a technician to identify and diagnose a fault is to see the problem. If the fault is intermittent, it may prove difficult to reproduce the fault in the workshop. In this case, the users or customers need to takes screenshots of any error messages and prints these to be used as reference material as and when the system is existence repaired. The problem reproduction is a useful strategy. Asking the users or customers to talk with what went wrong can reveal important information that the user may not told the technical staffs. One more important fact is the date when the problem was first noticed. If any new hardware or software was installed immediately before the fault appeared, this might be to blame. To fix this problem, the technical staffs can take the users subscribe to a time when the computer was working. This way will help the users to think through the events that led up to the problems and exactly as it happened. This may reveal vital clues but it is still important to keep an straight-from-the-shoulder mind and to consider alternative sources of the problem.Manufacturers websiteManufacturers websites are a valuable source of information. If an application fails to work, the user or customer can search the manufactures website for the latest information about known bugs in the syste m. The information is accessed through an open forum which is clearly going to be significantly less reliable than a manufacturers own website. Individuals providing technical advice of any kind must make sure that they are doing so supported by accurate and valid information. Further sources of such information are discussed in the following section.Source of information output specifications and manualsMost products are sold with a product specification and a technical manual. Product specification is written by the manufacture of the product. It contains all the information and details of products technical. A manual also is written by the manufacturer but it is used to explain how to make the best use of a hardware or software. Some manufacturers store product specifications and manuals in CD or DVD as PDF file. The CD or DVD will have all information about the main features of the product, or a video on troubleshooting.Colleagues with specialist expertiseThis is the best source of information because the users or technical staffs can get the technical information from people around them such as colleagues and friends. Those people can offer their experience in solving problems, but they must to find right people to ask. If they ask to wrong people so it means that they get wrong information and these information can not be used. The advantage of this source of information is the users can ask further questions if they are unsure that they in full understand a process, an answer or an explanation.Knowledge basesUsing a knowledge base may involve searching for information which is relevant to the problem that the users want to try solving. The technical support can draw on a knowledge base to help them decide on a personal line of credit of action. There is a range of knowledge bases that are available on the internet, but the technician support or the users must be very careful about relying on information that may not be valid or correct.Fault records s howing previously found solutionsA fault log is near useful when it lists not only the problems that were encountered but also the way in which they were solved. A fault log that includes the name of the technical support that solved a particular fault will allow the users contact them if they have encountered a similar fault and need specialist help. The historical information of previous faults and remedies will be essential for the technician support that will effectively be able to learn from other peoples experiences. net income source (e.g. FAQs and technical forums)The internet is the very useful source of information which helps the user or technician to resolve technical problems. There are two main informations sources on the internet which are FAQs and technical forum. FAQs stand for Frequently Asked Questions which can solve the most common problems for users with minimal effort for the help desk staff. The manufacturers websites usually contain FAQs about their product s or services. This is where they use to list the information. This is also a house that the problems will be single-minded and the questions of users about the product or service will be answered. The technical forum is a place where the users and technician can talk and discuss about the product or service. Technical forums can be a useful route to finding answers to both simple and complex problems.What hardware and software related questions could you be asked by users requiring technical support and how would you handle each of these questions?Question 1 My computer may be hacked by virus and my anti-virus software is not working? How can I fix it?As a technician, I tried to turn on their computer and I can see their computer being attacked by a virus. I have checked the current anti-virus software that they use. Their computer is currently using Norton anti virus software and this software is expired. So the customers should renew the software if they want to use it to nurt ure their computers.Question 2 What can I do if the virus still in the computer system even that anti-virus software is working?In this case, I will tell the customers that they should format the hard cod and install new OS software. But before formatting, they should back up all important data and information to external storage devices.Question 3 My computer would boot up but because after 5-10 mins, it would shut itself down. What is this problem?Firstly, I will ask some question to the customers get more information about what happen with their computers and then I give them my opinion. I think that the computer may be attacked by virus because this problem is a symptom of virus attack or the hardware of computer may be faulty.If the problem occurs by virus, I will use the newest version of anti virus software to find and delete the virus.If the problem occurs by hardware faulty, I open the computer system and check the hardware of computer. I think that problem is electrical faults which can lie at heart a hardware component, in the cabling that connects these components or in the connectors between the cabling and the components. The hardware that I will check are motherboard, PSU, CPU, RAM, etc